Why do you think the architect (Daniel West) and client (New Zealand Government) wanted a building designed in classic architectural style?
The New Zealand government constructed the Timaru Customs in 1901-2 to manage trade, inspect goods, and collect taxes. The revenue funded public services and infrastructure.
This building was designed by architect Daniel West in Neoclassical style, inspired by ancient Greek and Roman temples, to reflect stability and authority.
Strength, Functionality, and Beauty.
Notice the fluted columns with simple Doric-style capitals. Find the decorative acroteria on the corners and apex of the pediment. Observe the projecting cornice that crowns the building. Examine the rough rustication of the stonework at the base. Spot the fine dentil moulding beneath the cornice.Together, these elements combine strength, functionality, and beauty, living up to the standards set by ancient architects who strove to create buildings that reflected the divine order of the gods.
PORTICO (Latin "porticus" = "covered entrance") Roofed structure with columns that lead to a formal entry. In Ancient Rome, a porticus referred to any grand covered walkway lined with columns, often found at public spaces, markets, courtyards, or temple approaches.
PEDIMENT (Middle English, link to "pyramid") Triangular gable over a door, window, or roof, inspired by temples. Neoclassic often has only a central motif.
COLUMN (Latin "columna" = "pillar or support") Vertical support with a capital and base; Doric columns have masculine proportions and 20 flutes on the shaft.
ACROTERION (Greek "akrotērion" = "peak" or "extremity") A decorative pedestal or ornament placed at the top or corners of a pediment..
RUSTICATION (Latin "rusticus" = "rural") Uses rough stone faces and deep, cut-back joints to create a rugged, strong look.
DENTIL (Latin for small tooth) Small block that repeats along a cornice.
Compare these three buildings and spot the similarities and differences. Look for columns, arches, symmetry and decoration. See how Classical ideas were reinterpreted in Neoclassical and Victorian Commercial styles to reflect different times and purposes.
1881-8
National Bank of New Zealand
129 Stafford Street, Timaru
Francis J Wilson
Neoclassicism
(The top section was later removed)
1880-81
James Shepherd’s Store
36 Stafford St & 11 North St
Daniel West
Victorian Commercial Classicism